Advanced Placement (AP) World History Practice Exam 2026 - Free AP World History Practice Questions and Study Guide

The posting of the 95 Theses by Martin Luther in 1517 is considered a pivotal moment in the Protestant Reformation and represents a significant challenge to the authority of the Catholic Church. In these theses, Luther criticized various practices of the Church, particularly the sale of indulgences, which he saw as corrupt and contrary to Christian teachings. His actions called into question the Church's interpretation of scriptures and its role in mediating salvation, positioning Luther as a key figure advocating for reform.

The impact of the 95 Theses was far-reaching, leading to increased debate about the nature of faith, grace, and Church authority. Luther's actions galvanized support from various segments of society who were discontented with the Church, ultimately leading to the formation of various Protestant denominations.

The other options reflect misunderstandings of Luther's intentions. The act did not propose peace among denominations, celebrate Catholic traditions, or merely call for a new denomination; it was fundamentally an assertion against the established Catholic doctrine and hierarchy. Thus, the posting signified a critical moment of theological and institutional upheaval.