Advanced Placement (AP) World History Practice Exam 2026 - Free AP World History Practice Questions and Study Guide

The inclusion of Christian imagery in the mosaics of Emperors Justinian and Theodora signifies their roles as both temporal and spiritual authorities within the Byzantine Empire. This artistic choice reflects the close relationship between the church and the state during this period, where the emperor was seen as God's representative on Earth. By depicting themselves alongside Christian symbols and figures, Justinian and Theodora highlight their divine right to rule and their commitment to the Christian faith, reinforcing their legitimacy and authority in governing both religious and secular matters. The portrayal of Christian iconography in such prominent public spaces underscores the idea that the emperor was not only a political leader but also a protector of the faith, emphasizing the intertwining of political power with spiritual duties. Through this imagery, they sought to unify their subjects under a common religious identity, which was crucial for maintaining stability and control within the empire. This context elucidates the importance of Christianity in asserting their dual roles of governance, further embedding the church's influence in imperial administration.