Advanced Placement (AP) World History Practice Exam 2026 - Free AP World History Practice Questions and Study Guide

The term 'westernization' specifically refers to the process through which societies adopt ideas, technology, cultural practices, and values associated with Western countries, particularly Europe and North America. This phenomenon can encompass a wide range of elements, such as advancements in science and technology, political ideologies like democracy and capitalism, lifestyle choices, and cultural expressions like music, fashion, and art that are seen as characteristic of Western societies.

Historically, many countries have undergone westernization during periods of colonization, globalization, or modernization, leading to significant changes in social structures and cultural norms. This process often sparks debates about identity, sovereignty, and the balance between modernization and preservation of traditional practices.

The other choices refer to concepts that do not align with the definition of westernization. Adoption of Eastern traditions and beliefs would indicate an opposite cultural exchange, while resistance to foreign influence suggests a rejection of westernization. Preservation of indigenous cultures focuses on maintaining traditional practices rather than adopting foreign elements. Hence, the correct understanding of westernization involves the incorporation of Western influences into a society.